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2026 Vol.39, Issue 1

Research Paper

Development of a Two-Dimensional Numerical Model for Dynamic Analysis of Vertical Breakwaters Subjected to Impulsive Water Wave Loads

충격쇄파에 대한 직립식 방파제의 2차원 동적 해석을 위한 해석모델 구축

Hyeok-Ju Lee1
,
Jong-In Lee2
,
Jae-Min Kim2*
이 혁주1
,
이 종인2
,
김 재민2*
1Graduate Student, Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Korea
2Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Korea
1전남대학교 건축토목공학과 박사과정
2전남대학교 토목공학과 교수
*Corresponding Author
28 February 2026. pp. 1-13
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Abstract

This study develops a two-dimensional finite element model to accurately analyze the dynamic behavior of vertical breakwaters subjected to impulsive water wave loads. To overcome the limitations of simplified analytical approaches, a refined numerical model is constructed by incorporating fluid elements, a nonlinear soil model, contact nonlinearity, and perfectly matched layers (PMLs). Additionally, the time history of impulsive water wave loads is modeled based on theoretical wave pressure equations to evaluate the sliding displacement of the breakwater. The numerical results indicate that the nonlinear soil model induces significantly larger sliding displacements than the elastic soil model. Furthermore, the application of PMLs significantly enhances the numerical stability and accuracy of the analysis when compared with conventional fixed boundary conditions. The proposed modeling approach contributes to the development of accurate dynamic analysis techniques for the design and safety assessment of vertical breakwaters and provides a foundation for predicting their structural performance under extreme wave conditions.

Keywords
finite element
vertical breakwaters
impulsive water wave loads
nonlinear soil model
contact nonlinearity
perfectly matched layers

이 연구는 충격쇄파 하중에 대한 직립식 방파제의 동적 거동을 정밀히 분석하기 위해 유한요소 기반의 2차원 해석 모델을 구축하였다. 기존의 단순화된 해석 방법이 지닌 한계를 극복하고자, 유체 요소, 비선형 지반 모델, 접촉 비선형성, 에너지흡수경계요소를 포함한 정밀한 2차원 수치해석 모델을 구축하였다. 또한, 이론적 파압 공식을 기반으로 충격쇄파 하중의 시간이력을 모델링하여 방파제의 활동량을 평가하였다. 해석 결과, 비선형 지반 모델은 탄성 지반 대비 더 큰 활동량을 유발하는 것으로 나타났으며, PML(Perfectly Matched Layer)은 고정 경계 조건과 비교했을 때 해석 안정성과 정확성을 크게 향상시키는 것으로 나타났다. 이 연구는 직립식 방파제 설계 및 안전성 평가를 위한 정밀 동적 해석 기술 개발에 기여하며, 극한 조건에서도 방파제 성능을 예측할 수 있는 기반을 제공할 것으로 기대된다.

키워드
충격쇄파 하중
직립식 방파제
유한요소
비선형 지반 모델
접촉 비선형성
PML
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Information
  • Publisher :Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국전산구조공학회
  • Journal Title :Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
  • Journal Title(Ko) :한국전산구조공학회 논문집
  • Volume : 39
  • No :1
  • Pages :1-13
  • Received Date : 2025-10-28
  • Revised Date : 2025-12-03
  • Accepted Date : 2025-12-17
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.7734/COSEIK.2026.39.1.1
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